A little-known South Asian festival will light up your life.
一個鮮為人知的南亞節慶將會點亮你的生活。
Festivals are celebrations that a whole country or culture joins in. They may be traditional, like the Lunar New Years _(1)_ in China or Israel, religious, like Christmas in Western countries or Ramadan in Muslim ones, or modern and secular such as Independence Day on July 4 in the United States or Double Tenth Day on October 10 in Taiwan. These special days are usually associated with special _(2)_ and food. Wherever and whenever they occur, they are very interesting and a lot of fun.
Nepal is a small country sandwiched _(3)_ its giant neighbors India and China. Its Tihar Festival, also known as the Festival of Lights, originates from Hinduism in India, but it has developed its own _(4)_ flavor. This five-day festival has specific practices and purposes for each day.
The first three days are reserved for honoring different animals. The first day _(5)_ around the worship of crows. In most cultures, crows are feared or avoided because of their association with bad luck or even death. During Tihar, however, crows are fed first to keep them happy. With full stomachs, they are less likely to _(6)_. The second day is devoted to _(7)_ dogs, man's best friends. The third day is a very busy one. Cows are worshiped, a common practice throughout the Hindu world. In addition, each household burns candles to welcome Laxmi, the goddess of wealth, into the home. That evening, girls will sing a song typically sung on this occasion.
The next day, it is the boys' _(8)_ to sing. They go from door to door _(9)_ blessings with their neighbors. The final day _(10)_ brothers and sisters honoring each other with food, decorations, and gifts. It is hard for you to imagine a more colorful, loving, and meaningful festival!
(A) rites (B) honoring (C) observed (D) centers (E) sharing
(F) complain (G) local (H) finds (I) between (J) turn
原來如此
They may be traditional, like the lunar New Years observed in China or Israel...
它們可能是傳統節慶,像是中國或以色列會慶祝的農曆新年……
理由:
a. 本句已省略關係代名詞 which 及 be 動詞 are,得知空格應置形容詞或分詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (B) honoring(敬拜)、(C) observed(被慶祝)、(E) sharing(分享)和(G) local(在地的),惟根據語意,(C) 項應為正選。
c. 本句實等於:
They may be traditional, like the lunar New Years which are observed in China or Israel...
限定修飾的形容詞子句(即關係代名詞前無逗點)中,若關係代名詞為主詞時,該形容詞子句可化簡為分詞片語,原則如下:
1)刪除關係代名詞;
2)之後的動詞改為現在分詞;若動詞為 be 動詞,
變成現在分詞 being 後可省略。
The fish (which were) tested were full of toxic chemicals.
被檢驗的魚充滿了有毒化學物質。
d. observe vt. 慶祝(= celebrate)
The couple observed Valentine's Day by having a romantic dinner.
那對情侶共進一頓浪漫的晚餐來慶祝情人節。
- These special days are usually associated with special rites and food.
這些特別的日子通常都和特殊的儀式與食物有關。
理由:
a. 空格前有形容詞 special(特殊的),空格後有一連接名詞 food(食物)的對等連接詞 and(和),得知空格應置名詞,以與 food 對等。
b. 選項中為名詞的有 (A) rites(儀式)、(D) centers(中心)、(G) local(當地人)和(J) turn(輪流),惟根據語意,(A) 項應為正選。
c. rite n. 儀式
Frank went through an initiation rite before becoming a member of the fraternity.
法蘭克在成為該兄弟會成員之前,通過了入會儀式。
*fraternity n.(大學的)兄弟會 - Nepal is a small country sandwiched between its giant neighbors India and China.
尼泊爾是一個小國家,夾在兩個巨大的鄰國印度和中國之中。
理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
be sandwiched between... 夾在……(兩者)中間
The baby had been sandwiched between two big toys when I found him.
當我找到小寶寶時,他被夾在兩個大玩具之中。
b. 根據上述,(I) 項應為正選。 - Its Tihar Festival, also known as the Festival of Lights, originates from Hinduism in India, but it has developed its own local flavor.
尼泊爾的提哈節,又稱燈節,雖然起源自印度的印度教,不過已經發展出屬於它自己的在地韻味。
理由:
a. 空格後有名詞 flavor(風味),得知空格應置形容詞以修飾該名詞。
b. 選項中為形容詞的僅有 (G) local(在地的),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. local a. 當地的,本地的
In order to launch a legal demonstration, you must first obtain permission from the local government.
想要發起合法遊行,你們得先向地方政府申請許可才行。 - The first day centers around the worship of crows.
第一天以敬拜烏鴉為中心。
理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
center around... 以……為中心,圍繞在……
Our chat centered around our trip to Spain.
我們聊天的話題都圍繞在我們的西班牙之旅。
b. 根據上述,(D) 項應為正選。 - With full stomachs, they are less likely to complain.
烏鴉的肚子填飽後,牠們就比較不會吵鬧了。
理由:
a. 空格前有引導不定詞的 to,空格後亦無受詞,得知空格應置原形不及物動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (F) complain(吵鬧)和(J) turn(轉動),惟根據語意,(F) 項應為正選。
c. complain vi. 抱怨,埋怨(此處為擬人化,喻為『吵鬧』)
complain about... 抱怨……
complain of... 訴說有……病痛
Sarah always complains about how unromantic her husband is.
莎拉總是抱怨她的丈夫多麼不浪漫。
My grandfather kept complaining of a backache last night.
我爺爺昨晚一直說他背痛。 - The second day is devoted to honoring dogs, man's best friends.
第二天則致力於敬拜人類最好的朋友──狗。
理由:
a. 空格前有片語 is devoted to(致力於),此處 to 為介詞,空格後亦有一名詞 dogs(狗),得知空格應置及物動詞變成的動名詞,使 dogs 作其受詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (B) honoring(敬拜)和(E) sharing(分享),惟根據語意,(B) 項應為正選。
c. honor vt. 向……致敬;紀念
The mayor honored the fire fighters that died in the line of duty.
市長向因公殉職的消防隊員致敬。
*in the line of duty 在工作∕值勤時 - The next day, it is the boys' turn to sing.
隔天,輪到男孩們唱歌了。
理由:
a. 空格前有所有格 the boys'(男孩們的),空格後有一不定詞 to sing(唱歌)做主詞補語,得知空格應置名詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的僅剩 (J) turn(輪流),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. turn n. 輪流
It's sb's turn to V 輪到某人……
It's your turn to water the plants in the garden.
輪到你澆花園裡的花木了。 - They go from door to door sharing blessings with their neighbors.
他們會挨家挨戶地用歌曲將祝福與鄰居們分享。
理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
share with... 與……分享
Do you have any job-hunting tips to share with me?
你有沒有什麼找工作的秘訣可以跟我分享?
b. 本句主詞 they(他們)為執行動作者,且句中出現兩個動詞(即 go 與 share)又無對等連接詞 and 連接,故應將第二個動詞 share 改為現在分詞 sharing。
c. 選項中符合上述的僅剩 (E) sharing(分享),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。 - The final day finds brothers and sisters honoring each other with food, decorations, and gifts.
最後一天,兄弟姊妹們會以食物、裝飾品和禮物互相禮拜。
理由:
a. 空格前有作主詞的單數名詞詞組 The final day(最後一天),空格後亦有作受詞的名詞詞組 brothers and sisters(兄弟姊妹),得知空格應置第三人稱單數及物動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的僅剩 (H) finds(發現),而 find 在此處作不完全及物動詞,表『發現……處於某狀態』,加上受詞後,其後須接名詞、形容詞或分詞作為受詞補語。
c.空格後有現在分詞 honoring(禮拜)作受詞補語,根據語意及用法,(H) 項應為正選。
d. find vt. 發現……處於某狀態
People who lack social skills often find themselves having difficulty getting along with others.
缺乏社交技巧的人常常發現自己和別人相處有所困難。
提哈節 ── 獨特的喜悅
一個鮮為人知的南亞節慶將會點亮你的生活。
節慶是整個國家或文化會一同參與的慶祝活動。它們可能是傳統節慶,像是中國或以色列會慶祝的農曆新年;可能是宗教性的,像是西方國家的聖誕節或回教國家的齋月;也有現代化、非宗教性的節慶,像是美國七月四日獨立紀念日或臺灣十月十日的雙十節。這些特別的日子通常都和特殊的儀式與食物有關。不管它們在何時何地舉行,都非常有意思且趣味橫生。
尼泊爾是一個小國家,夾在兩個巨大的鄰國印度和中國之中。尼泊爾的提哈節,又稱燈節,雖然起源自印度的印度教,不過已經發展出屬於它自己的在地韻味。這個為期五天的節慶,每一天都有特別的習俗和目的。
節慶的前三天是用來崇敬不同動物的日子。第一天以敬拜烏鴉為中心。在大多數的文化裡,烏鴉是令人畏懼或避之唯恐不及的,因為牠們會讓人聯想到厄運或甚至死亡。然而,在提哈節期間,人們會先餵食烏鴉,讓牠們保持心情愉快。烏鴉的肚子填飽後,牠們就比較不會吵鬧了。第二天則致力於敬拜人類最好的朋友──狗。第三天是非常忙碌的一天。人們會參拜母牛,這是一整個印度教世界所擁有的慣例。此外,每戶人家都會點上蠟燭,以恭迎吉祥天女(亦稱財富女神)進入家中。當天傍晚,女孩們會唱誦一首歌,這首歌通常都是在這種場合上演唱的。
隔天,輪到男孩們唱歌了。他們會挨家挨戶地用歌曲將祝福與鄰居們分享。最後一天,兄弟姊妹們會以食物、裝飾品和禮物互相禮拜。你很難想像還會有比提哈節更多采多姿、更充滿愛且更有意義的節慶了!
答案: 1. C 2. A 3. I 4. G 5. D 6. F 7. B 8. J 9. E 10. H
引用自常春藤網路書城https://www.ivy.com.tw/index.php
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