氣質姐與可愛可

Do you know what "no" means?
你知道「不」代表什麼意思嗎？
（右鍵可另存）

　　Do you know what sexual consent actually means? Take a quiz on the website Know No, and see how you do. If it was surprising to you that all of the answers were "no," then you might not fully understand that when it comes to consent, there is no gray area. In other words, if a person is intoxicated or _(1)_, it should be assumed that they cannot give consent, no matter what.
　　_(2)_, this common sense is lost on many people. Studies _(3)_ worldwide by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention show that one in four females and one in 10 males have experienced some form of sexual violence. That shocking number is likely _(4)_ higher, since many victims fail to report assaults to the police out of fear of social stigmas▼, backlashes▼, and the concern that they might have been at fault.
　　The Know No campaign was launched by advertising agency MARC USA in late 2016 as an _(5)_ to educate people about what "no" means, especially by starting the conversation with young people. Along with the website, a video of men and women _(6)_ on couches and mattresses▼ with signs that read, "If I can't say no, I can't say yes," was part of the campaign. Know No was _(7)_ in the wake of convicted rapist▼ Brock Turner walking out of jail three months early on his already lenient▼ six-month sentence. Those behind Know No said they simply asked themselves, if consent were better understood, would people still make the same choices?
1. (A) reasonable　　(B) unconscious　　(C) sociable　　(D) ambitious
2. (A) Unfortunately　　(B) Accidentally　　(C) Equally　　(D) Physically
3. (A) terminated　　(B) retained　　(C) resembled　　(D) conducted
4. (A) many　　(B) more　　 (C) much　　(D) less
5. (A) initiative　　(B) expense　　(C) auction　　(D) emergency
6. (A) lay　　(B) lying　　(C) lie　　(D) lies
7. (A) prompted　　(B) customized　　(C) resisted　　(D) observed

1. In other words, if a person is intoxicated or unconscious, it should be assumed that they cannot give consent, no matter what.
   換言之，假如一個人處於喝醉或無意識的狀態，那無論如何他們就應該被認定是無法首肯的。
   理由:
   a. (A) reasonable a. 合理的；適當的
   At this shop, you can buy watches of high quality at a reasonable price.
   在本店，你可以用合理的價格買到高品質的手錶。
   (B) unconscious a. 無意識的
   The doctor induced sleep so his patient would be unconscious during surgery.
   醫生替他的病人麻醉使他昏睡過去，如此才能在病人沒有知覺的情況下替他動手術。
   ＊induce vt. 引起；導致
   (C) sociable a. 合群的；善交際的
   It is no surprise that everyone likes Emma. She's a very sociable person.
   每個人都喜歡艾瑪一點也不令人訝異。她是個非常善於交際的人。
   (D) ambitious a. 有雄心的，野心勃勃的
   The ambitious young man aspired to the highest position in the company.
   那位極有抱負的年輕人渴望能爬上公司最高的職務。
   ＊aspire to V　　渴望從事……
   b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。
2. Unfortunately, this common sense is lost on many people.
   不幸的是，許多人都不懂這種常識。
   理由:
   a. (A) unfortunately adv. 不幸地；可惜地
   Most people were evacuated to safe places, but unfortunately, one old woman was buried alive.
   大部份的人都被疏散至安全的地方，但不幸的是，一位老婦人被活埋了。
   ＊evacuate vt. & vi. 撤離
   (B) accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地
   同: by accident
   Cindy accidentally deleted all her files from the computer.
   辛蒂不小心把她所有的檔案從電腦中刪除。
   (C) equally adv. 相同地，同樣地
   Teachers should treat all of their students equally.
   老師應該平等對待所有的學生。
   (D) physically adv. 身體上地
   Generally speaking, men are physically stronger than women.
   一般而言，男性比女性強壯。
   b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。
3. Studies conducted worldwide by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention show that...
   由美國疾病控制與預防中心在世界各地所進行的研究指出……
   理由:
   a. (A) terminate vt. 終止；解僱
   Since your company failed to meet our needs, we are going to terminate the contract.
   由於貴公司無法滿足我們的需求，我們將終止這份合約。
   (B) retain vt. 保持，保有
   Though he is a multimillionaire, my boss still retains his sense of decency.
   雖然我的老闆是個大富翁，他仍保有禮數。
   ＊decency n. 禮節；得體
   (C) resemble vt. 相像，相似
   The older Jim gets, the more he resembles his father.
   吉姆年紀愈大，就愈像他爸爸。
   (D) conduct vt. 執行，實行
   Sherry conducted the meeting in a very professional manner.
   雪莉以十分專業的方式主持那場會議。
   b. 根據語意，(D) 項應為正選。
4. That shocking number is likely much higher, since many victims fail to report assaults to the police...
   那驚人的數據可能還更高，因為許多受害者未能向警方舉報攻擊……
   理由:
   a. 本題測試可用來修飾比較級形容詞或副詞的修飾語，共計有下列六個：
   far, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal
   Kevin's idea is much better than mine.
   凱文的點子比我的好太多了。
   b. 空格後有比較級形容詞 higher（更高的），得知空格應選 (C) much。
5. The Know No campaign was launched by advertising agency MARC USA in late 2016 as an initiative to educate people about what "no" means...
   廣告公司 MARC USA 在 2016 年年底展開了 Know No 活動，以作為教導民眾「不」意涵的一項計劃……
   理由:
   a. (A) initiative n. 倡議；率先，主動
   衍: take the initiative　　採取主動
   Charles is shy and never takes the initiative on anything.
   查爾斯很怕羞，從不會主動做任何事。
   (B) expense n. 支出；費用
   衍: spare no expense　　不惜費用
   Upon arriving, we saw that the couple had spared no expense for the wedding.
   一到達現場，我們就見識到這對新人所費不貲的婚禮。
   (C) auction n. 標售；拍賣
   Many of the items Peter bought at the auction are put in storage.
   彼得從拍賣會上買來的許多物品都交付保管。
   (D) emergency n. 緊急狀況
   There is an emergency exit on each floor of the building.
   這棟大樓每個樓層都有緊急出口。
   b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。
6. Along with the website, a video of men and women lying on couches and mattresses with signs that read, "If I can't say no, I can't say yes," was part of the campaign.
   除了該網站以外，一支影片也是活動的一部份，影片中有男性與女性躺在沙發與床墊上，身旁的看板寫著：「如果我不能拒絕的話，我也不能同意。」
   理由:
   a. 原句實為："Along with the website, a video of men and women that were lying on couches and mattresses with signs that read, 'If I can't say no, I can't say yes,' was part of the campaign."，此處省略關係代名詞 that，其後 be 動詞 were 變為現在分詞 being 後可省略，省略後即成本句。
   b. 根據上述，(B) 項應為正選。
7. Know No was prompted in the wake of convicted rapist Brock Turner walking out of jail three months early on his already lenient six-month sentence.
   已定罪的強暴犯布魯克‧特納在獲判已經過於寬鬆的六個月徒刑之後還提前三個月出獄，Know No 活動便隨之推動。
   理由:
   a. (A) prompt vt. 促使；激勵
   衍: prompt sb to V　　促使∕激勵某人（做）……
   Paul was prompted to raise money for cancer research with the death of his wife.
   保羅妻子的死亡促使他為癌症研究募款。
   (B) customize vt. 改製；訂做
   衍: customized a. 客製化的
   The chef created a customized dish for patrons allergic to peanuts.
   這位廚師為對花生過敏的顧客製作了一道客製化的料理。
   (C) resist vt. 抗拒
   The official took the bribe because he couldn't resist the temptation.
   那個政府官員禁不住誘惑而接受了賄賂。
   ＊temptation n. 誘惑
   (D) observe vt. 觀察；注意到；遵守
   The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire.
   聯合國已呼籲雙方遵守停火協定。
   ＊ceasefire n. 停火
   b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。

1. consent n. & vi. 同意，贊成
   衍: consent to N/V-ing　　同意∕答應……
   Mutual consent, rather than force, is the best way to unify a nation.
   國家統一最好的方法是相互異中求同而非武力相向。
   ＊unify vt. 統合，使統一
   Mike consented to helping me paint my room this Saturday.
   麥克同意這星期六幫我粉刷房間。
2. sexual a. 性的；性別的
   衍: sexual discrimination　　性別歧視
   The women launched a demonstration in protest of sexual discrimination.
   這些婦女發動示威抗議性別歧視。
3. quiz n. 測驗 & vt. 對……進行測驗
4. intoxicated a. 喝醉的
   The bartender refused to serve the intoxicated man another drink.
   該酒保拒絕提供這名喝醉的男子另一杯酒。
5. assume vt. 假定，假設（以 that 子句作受詞）；負起（責任）
   衍: assume the burden of...　　挑起……的重擔
   Jason assumed that his girlfriend was joking when she said he was ugly.
   傑森的女友說他很醜時，他認定她一定是在開玩笑。
   After his parents passed away, the boy assumed the burden of supporting the family.
   那男孩的父母亡故後，他便負起支撐家庭的責任。
6. common sense　　常識
7. assault n. & vt. 襲擊，攻擊
   Max has been charged with two counts of assault with a deadly weapon.
   麥克斯被指控兩項持有致命武器攻擊他人的罪行。
   ＊be charged with...　　被指控……罪行
   The criminal assaulted the owner of the store during the robbery.
   該名罪犯在搶劫時襲擊商店老闆。
8. concern n. 擔心，憂慮
   The government should not ignore the public's concerns.
   政府不應該忽視大眾所重視的議題。
9. launch vt. & n. 開始，發起
   The company conducted a market survey before launching its new product.
   這家公司在推出新產品前，進行了一項市場調查。
   Our marketing department will go ahead with the product launch as expected.
   我們行銷部門會如預期般推廣產品發行。
10. convict vt. 將……定罪（本文為過去分詞作形容詞用）
    The protesters are calling for the release of the wrongly convicted prisoner.
    抗議群眾要求釋放遭到誤判的受刑人。
    ＊call for...　　要求∕呼籲……

▼ social stigma　　社會汙名；社會恥辱
stigma n. 汙名；恥辱
▼ backlash n. 強烈反對
▼ mattress n. 床墊
▼ rapist n. 強暴犯
衍: rape n. & vt. 強暴
▼ lenient a. 寬鬆的；慈悲的

1. when it comes to N/V-ing　　說到∕提到……
   No one compares to Rachel when it comes to baking.
   說到烘焙，沒人比得上瑞秋。
2. fail to V　　未能（做）……
   反: never fail to V　　總會……，一定會……
   Jack was the only student who failed to turn in his report on time.
   傑克是唯一沒有準時交報告的學生。
   Larry never fails to take a nap after lunch.
   賴瑞吃過午飯後一定會小睡片刻。
3. report... to the police　　向警方檢舉……
   The public is urged to report any act of child abuse to the police.
   我們促請民眾向警方檢舉任何虐童的行為。
   ＊be urged to V　　被力勸做……
4. be at fault　　有過錯；應當負責
   The red car was at fault in the accident because it turned left after the light changed.
   該事故是這輛紅色轎車的錯，因為它在號誌燈轉換後還左轉。
5. in the wake of...　　隨∕繼……之後
   There were thousands of deaths in the wake of the tsunami.
   那場海嘯之後有數千人喪命。

「不」就是「不」，杜絕性侵從你我做起
你知道「不」代表什麼意思嗎？

　　你知道雙方同意的性關係實際上意味著什麼嗎？不妨在 Know No 網站上做一項測試，並看看結果如何。假如所有的答案都是「不」這件事令你吃驚的話，那麼你可能並未完全理解當談及雙方同意時，是沒有灰色地帶的。換言之，假如有人處於喝醉或無意識的狀態，那無論如何他們就應該被認定是無法首肯的。

　　不幸的是，許多人都不懂這種常識。由美國疾病控制與預防中心在世界各地所進行的研究指出，每四名女性就有一名經歷過某種形式的性暴力，而每十名男性之中就有一名。那驚人的數據可能還更高，因為許多受害者未能向警方舉報攻擊，由於他們害怕社會汙名、強烈反對以及自己可能有錯在先的憂慮。

　　廣告公司 MARC USA 在 2016 年年底展開了 Know No 活動，以作為教導民眾「不」意涵的一項計劃，尤其是透過與年輕人開始對談。除了該網站以外，一支影片也是活動的一部份，影片中有男性與女性躺在沙發與床墊上，身旁的看板寫著：「如果我不能拒絕的話，我也不能同意。」已定罪的強暴犯布魯克‧特納在獲判已經過於寬鬆的六個月徒刑之後還提前三個月出獄，Know No 活動便隨之推動。那些 Know No 活動的幕後推手說，他們只是問問自己，如果人們更加了解同意的含意，他們仍然會做出同樣的選擇嗎？

答案： 1. B　2. A　3. D　4. C　5. A　6. B　7. A

引用自常春藤網路書城https://www.ivy.com.tw/index.php